3.13. 修復ブラシ

図14.96 The Heal tool in the Toolbox

The 「Heal tool」 in the Toolbox

This tool was once described as The healing brush looks like a smart clone tool on steroids. And indeed the Healing Tool is a close relative to the Clone Tool, but it is more smart to remove small failures in images. A typical usage is the removal of wrinkles in photographs. To do so, pixels are not simply copied from source to destination, but the area around the destination is taken into account before cloning is applied. The algorithm used for this, is described in a scientific paper by Todor Georgiev [GEORGIEV01].

To use it, first choose a brush with a size adapted to the defect. Then Ctrl-click on the area you want to reproduce. Release the Ctrl key and drag the sample to the defect. Click. If the defect is slight, not very different from its surrounding, it will be corrected as soon. Else, you can correct it with repeated clicks, but with a risk of daubing.

3.13.1. Activating the Tool

There are different possibilities to activate the tool:

  • From the image-menu: ToolsPaint toolsHeal,

  • or by clicking the tool icon: in the Toolbox,

  • or by clicking on the H keyboard shortcut.

3.13.2. Key modifiers (Defaults)

Ctrl

The Ctrl key is used to select the source. You can heal from any layer of any image, by clicking on the image display, with the Ctrl key held down, while the layer is active (as shown in the Layers dialog). If Alignment is set to Non-aligned or Aligned in Tool Options, then the point you click on becomes the origin for healing: the image data at that point will be used when you first begin painting with the Heal tool. In source-selection mode, the cursor changes to a crosshair-symbol.

Shift

Once the source is set, if you press this key, you will see a thin line connecting the previously clicked point with the current pointer location. If you click again, while going on holding the Shift key down, the tool will heal along this line.

3.13.3. Options

図14.97 Heal Tool options

Heal Tool options

一般的にはこのツールを起用すると、 そのツールオプションがツールボックスの下に繋げられたウィンドウ上に現れます。 そのようなウィンドウが見あたらないときは、 画像ウィンドウのメニューより ウィンドウドッキング可能なダイアログツールオプション と辿れば今使っているツールのツールオプションウィンドウが開きます。

Mode; Opacity; Brush; Size; Aspect Ratio; Angle; Spacing; Hardness; Dynamics; Dynamics Options; Force; Apply Jitter; Smooth Stroke; Lock brush to view

描画ツールの全般もしくは大多数に共通するツールオプションについての説明は 描画ツール共通のオプション をご覧ください。

Hard edge: this option gives a hard contour to the healed area.

Sample merged

If you enable this option, healing is not calculated only from the values of the active layer, but from all visible layers.

See 「スタンプで描画 (クローン)」 for using Sample Merged in non-destructive image editing.

Alignment

This option is described in Clone tool.

3.13.4. Healing is not cloning

Although the Heal tool has common features with the Clone tool on using, the result is quite different.

図14.98 Comparing Clone and Heal

Comparing 「Clone」 and 「Heal」

Cloning on the left. All colors are transferred.

Healing on the right. Colors are much less transferred, especially on borders where surrounding pixels of destination are taken in account.